It is worthy of note that in the past decade the whole financial-sphere has changed drastically due to the appearance of cryptocurrencies. While in the beginning they were treated simply as a curiosity for hackers and anarcho-capitalists, disruptive to the contemporary financial systems and on the cusp-of becoming a global currency, digital currencies have developed at an incredible pace.
Cryptocurrency began is said to have begun in 2009 when an unknown person or group, or group of people going by the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto launched Bitcoin. The blockchain technology which forms the foundation of Bitcoin brought efficient, unprejudiced, secure, and IMMEDIATE means for doing business without relying on traditional financial institutions. This advancement embodied the prospect of cheaper transaction costs, faster transaction clearing as well as better anonymized layer two solutions that in return would create a large and diverse set of users and investors.
Since the inception of Bitcoin, thousands of other digital currencies, [also known as altcoins] appeared that aimed to be different in certain ways. As for Ionic, founded in 2015, Ethereum advanced the use of blockchain through implementing smart contracts— the execution of the conditions of the contract stated through code. This development led to decentralized applications or dApps and helped drive the adoption of cryptocurrency even more.
When cryptocurrencies started to become relevant in the world economy, they recommended its functions. What were once regarded as cryptocurrencies that have high risks involved in trading them same digital currencies are now being accepted because of change they bring to different sectors.
First, financial Inclusion. Despite the current volatile nature of some of the virtual currencies, cryptocurrencies provide banking facilities to the financially excluded and neglected sections in today’s growing world especially in the developing world. Even through an ordinary mobile phone and internet, people can work, borrow, and transfer funds globally, and largely without incurring any costs.
Second, unlike the hawala system, the formal remittance services are expensive in terms of the commissions they charge and may also take 1–5 days to complete the transaction. Cryptocurrencies also proved to be more efficient than the traditional form of financial remittance and highly efficient since workers can instantly transfer money to their families anytime with very low charges.
Third, in places where hyperinflation is a worrisome problem, cryptoassets proved to be a safe haven for value. While fiat money is inclined to facing such problems as inflation due to the policies made by governments, many cryptocurrencies have their agreed limits on the number of coins to be in circulation.
Fourth, the major trading corporations have started to involve the cryptocurrencies in their activities. Many companies such as Tesla and Square have begun integrating bitcoin into their payment system, while others such as PayPal and MasterCard have planned to adopt blockchain technology for their operations in supply chain, security, and others.
Fifth, regarding the increasing role of cryptocurrencies, several central banks are in the process of creating their digital money. CBDCs intend to foster the advantages of DC’s to the stability and reliability of Fiat currencies and bring about effective mix of traditional and digital finance.
However, before cryptocurrencies can become a popular medium of exchange that operates seamlessly in the global market as a worldwide currency or a unit of account, there are numerous challenges they are yet to overcome.
First, governments around the world have been having great difficulty in how to control such currencies. While certain countries either promote the usage of this technology or encourage innovation in this domain, other countries simply set high barriers of entry or ban it outright. To this end, it is imperative that there is a coherent and consistent framework of rules in the market that would address the matters of security and fraud prevention in addition to encouraging the development of new services.
Second, and probably more seriously, many cryptocurrencies are infamous for their price fluctuations, which can negate their suitability as a reliable means of payment. Stable coins that are cryptocurrencies stabilized using other stable and less risky assets such as the U. S dollar are a good solution here, but adoption and the level of trust is still in the process of building.
Third, although, the underlying technology of bitcoin and other digital money systems or ledger technologies is very secure, abuses of the broader ecosystem of cryptocurrencies include hacks, scams, and cons. It is imperative that the system is designed to include improved security features and a strong support system to safeguard the interest of the users.
Fourth, is the number of individuals using cryptocurrencies increases, that automatically translates to puts pressure on the blockchain networks. There are currently solutions under development, like layer 2 protocols and shards, that will enable Ethereum to cope with high transaction rates while maintaining transaction velocity and security.
Cryptocurrencies in general and Bitcoin in particular’s journey to become a global currency is an evolving process, replete with innovation as well as opportunities and risks.
Some of the motivational factors include the following; With technological enhancements and changes in the regulatory framework, digital currencies are likely to revolutionize the financial sector by enhancing its efficiency and making it more accessible and adaptive.
Although the prospects are still foggy, the emergence of cryptocurrencies is an unambiguous trend, which hints at the organization of society by combining the linear and logarithmic financial models.
Disclaimer
Views expressed above are the author’s own.
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